Haskell Vs. OCaml: The Difference

Haskell

OCaml 

Haskell is considered a pure and lazy language, and ad hoc polymorphism is present in it. 

OCaml is an impure and strict language, and ad hoc polymorphism is absent, unlike in Haskell, where type classes are used.

Purely functional programming, standard, contemporary, and non-strict are all characteristics of this language. It has been specifically created to handle various numerical and symbolic applications. It has a highly rich internal architecture and an expressive syntax.

It is a powerful programming language that supports object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming. It is a preferred choice in businesses. 

This language works on VS code. However, its primary platform to run the code would be the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC). 

This language works well with VS code too. It is believed to be the officially recommended editor. You can also opt for Vim and Emacs.

Haskell is renowned for its lengthy and confusing compile errors.

Even if some edge cases in OCaml can result in errors that are similarly nasty, they are far less common than they are in Haskell since the type-system characteristics that create them aren’t as widely utilized there.

Its roots come from metathetical function and lambda calculus.

Array, tuple, data stream, and other common data types are supported and provided by Ocaml, which also contains a large number of data types.

It is often an extension of the Categorical Abstract Machine Language or Caml. In this case, the O in OCaml stands for an objective.

Haskell

OCaml

• The evaluation of parameters in functions is omitted in functional programming languages like Haskell. This improves the code’s performance while greatly assisting program composition. This is called lazy evaluation. 
• Virtual processors are called threads that handle and process stages in a program. When a language only has one thread, only one execution is taking place at once. Given that Haskell is a multi-threaded language, it can execute program statements in parallel. The execution of a programming language has more processing power when multi-threading is used.
• When variable types are known at build time, a language is said to be statically typed. It aids programmers in locating compile-time problems. Large-scale programs’ complexity is lowered as a result.
• The programmer must release the memory after utilizing it in a language like C by using the keywords malloc or calloc. However, this burden is removed from the programmer with functional programming languages like Haskell.
• The evaluation of parameters in functions is omitted in functional programming languages like Haskell. This improves the code’s performance while greatly assisting program composition.

• A wide range of systems can run OCaml. Platforms that are backed by the community, as well as those that are officially endorsed, exist.
• It allows for the development of sophisticated client-side applications.
•  Direct OCaml to Java bytecode compilation is also possible using OCaml-Java.
• A bytecode compiler and a native code compiler are two batch compilers that OCaml provides. Bytecode compilers produce compact, portable executables fast. The native code compiler takes longer, but it generates machine code that is more effective and performs to the highest standards currently set by compilers.
• Similar to generics in Java, C#, and C++, parametric polymorphism enables the creation of abstractions that function across many data types.
• Because of type inference, you don’t have to annotate every variable in your program with its type. Instead, types are deduced from the way a value is applied.
• Excellent support for programming without modifying data structures called immutable programming.
• Debugging OCaml applications may be done using a variety of techniques. The interactive REPL provides a simple, quick, and easy way to test functions. The interactive system offers a low-cost method of “tracing” calculations for more complicated scenarios. Finally, OCaml offers ocamldebug, a symbolic (i.e., source level) replay debugger, which is a very potent tool for monitoring a program’s execution.